1. Your focus is wrong

This may be one of the most difficult concepts for job hunters to grasp, but your resume is not something you create for yourself. You create it, format it, and organize it so that it’s easy for a hiring manager to gauge your fit with the job he or she is offering. It’s important to tailor your resume to each job you apply to. I promise you, no hiring manager is going to study your resume for specifics that would apply to the job at hand. Your resume has to make them obvious.

For example, if you’re applying for a project manager position, highlight any experience and accomplishments that show your expertise in project management, even if you have to switch to a functional resume format to do it. While the bulk of your work experience may be in tech support, it’s really not applicable to the job at hand, so don’t concentrate on the day-to-day minutiae. Concentrate instead on those instances where you demonstrated leadership, ingenuity, and organizational skills.

2. You have typos in your resume

Hiring executives have a low threshold for resume bloopers. A recent study on working.com claims that one out of four executives will toss a resume into the wastebasket if they spot a typo. But sometimes even the most careful people can miss a typo or two. Here are some tips for making sure you’re sending out pristine copies of your resume:

1. Enlist detail-oriented family members, friends, or mentors to proofread your resume and provide honest feedback.
2. Take a timeout. Before submitting your resume, take a break and come back to it with a fresh set of eyes. You might catch something you missed the first time.
3. Print a copy. It’s easy to overlook typos or formatting mistakes when reading a resume on a monitor, so print it out for review.
4. Try a new perspective. Sometimes readers inadvertently skip over parts they have read previously. Review your resume backward to help avoid this problem. You can “read” it from bottom to top, or from the right side of a line to the left. This takes away the mental expectation that sometimes tricks us into thinking a word is spelled correctly, etc.
5. Read it out loud. This can also help you find phrases that don’t make sense.

3. Your resume is too long

There are all kinds of opinions as to how long a resume should be. Most people say to keep it to one page, but many people say that two pages are OK, particularly if you have 10 or more years of experience related to your goal or you need space to list and prove your technical knowledge.

Either way, the goal is to keep your resume lean yet meaningful. List only your selling points that are relevant to the job at hand and let go of some details that have no bearing on your current goal. You may have become proficient in Windows NT in a previous job, but it’s not something that would have a bearing on a job today.

4. Your resume is not very “readable”

Never underestimate resume formatting. Consider that some hiring managers have to look through hundreds of resumes for each job opening. Also consider that those employers will usually take, at most, only thirty-five seconds to look at a one-page resume before deciding whether to keep or discard it. You should design your resume so that employers can read the document easily and process information quickly.

To judge the formatting of your resume, ask yourself these questions:

• Am I using too many fonts? It’s best to stick to one or two fonts. You can vary the size and add bold if necessary to make headings stand out but don’t go overboard. You don’t want your resume to look like a ransom note built out of newspaper clippings.
• Am I overdoing the emphasis thing? As I said in the previous point, you can create emphasis by using bold, italics, underlining, etc. However, you don’t want to mix methods or overuse them. You would not, for example, want to CAPITALIZE, ITALICIZE, AND UNDERLINE pieces of text. It’s overkill and hard on the eyes.
• Is there too much text on the page? There’s nothing more intimidating to a reviewer than blocks of dense text on a resume. Here are some things to keep in mind: Set your margins at about 1-inch all around, use bulleted points to break up paragraphs of text that list your accomplishments, and make sure your sections are distinct. Don’t be afraid of white space! If you have to choose between crammed-in text and an extra resume page, go with the latter.

You can see in Figure A how much more readable the list of accomplishments are when put into bullets separated by white space.

Figure A

5. Your name appears in the Word header

Your name should appear prominently at the top of your resume, but even though it looks kind of cool, avoid using Word’s header feature (see Figure B) for this information. (Using Word’s header feature will make your name appear automatically at the top of every page of your resume.) The problem is a lot of scanning software used by HR departments won’t work on headers and footers so your resume could get lost in the shuffle.

6. Your resume doesn’t include keywords

It’s an unfortunate fact of life that many organizations use scanning software (mentioned above) when vetting resumes. This is often done as the preliminary step in weeding out any people whose qualifications and experience don’t match the job being filled. So be very sure that you pepper your resume with relevant keywords. That is to say, don’t use one in every sentence and don’t use keywords that you don’t have experience with just for the sake of sneaking in under the radar. Sooner or later you’ll have to own up. The actual job description is the best starting place for finding relevant keywords.

7. You list your experience instead of your accomplishments

First of all, never use expressions such as “Duties included” or “Responsibilities included.” These lists outline only what was in your job description; they don’t say whether you did them well or not. And they don’t show how you stood out from the other people in your company who were doing the same things.

To help rewrite your responsibilities to accomplishments, try asking yourself:

• What special things did I do to set myself apart?
• How did I do the job better or differently than anyone else?
• What did I do to make it my own?
• What were some problems or challenges that I faced?
• How did I solve or overcome those problems?
• What were the results of my efforts?
• How did the company benefit from my performance? For example, did it make or save money or save time?

It might help to use an accomplishment tracker template like this one available from TechRepublic.

8. You use vague verbs and subjective adjectives

Avoid, at all costs, those abstract verb phrases like “Assisted with…” or “Handled…” or “Managed….” Those phrases can mean almost anything. Every time you’re tempted with one of those phrases, ask yourself How? How did you assist with something? What exactly did you do? Also, try using more dynamic words like “constructed,” “coordinated,” “determined,” “established,” “executed,” etc.

On the same ticket, it is very easy to say you “skillfully completed” some task or that you have “extraordinary people skills.” But unless you can back those statements up with concrete evidence, it’s just you saying something good about yourself. So explain why your task completion was skillful. Did it come in under budget and within time restraints? What evidence do you have of your great people skills? Did you get recognized for this in some way? Were you assigned more end users than other staffers? Any detail that you can offer in explanation will help.

9. Your resume is like all the others

We’re not saying that you should make yourself stand out by formatting your entire resume in a cursive font. We’re saying that, since you’re a tech pro, a prospective employer is probably going to expect something a little more advanced. Toward this goal consider:

• Including a link to your online portfolio. Online portfolios can be anything from a blog or a website, to a dedicated solution (something that’s just a portfolio, without any of the extra stuff). Make it something that loads fast, is visually professional, and showcases your accomplishments, mission statement, career progression, and leadership aptitude. Before you put the link in your resume, ask yourself how well the site answers questions any potential employers might have about you.

• Adding a QR code. A QR (quick-response) code is a two-dimensional, barcode-like image (seen in Figure C) that, once scanned, directs potential employers to carefully selected, customized web pages for more information about a job seeker. It’s a tech-savvy way to illustrate your strengths.

Figure C

10. You lie/exaggerate on your resume

Decision makers routinely conduct background checks and online research to verify a resume. And sometimes what they find out can embarrass you down the line; a lesson learned the hard way by former CEO Scott Thompson. At the very least, don’t claim education that you don’t have. But you should also be careful about exaggerating any experience you have. It could take only a few targeted questions in an interview to reveal your deception.